The estrus factors of Angora rabbits are not only regulated by hormones in receptors, but also influenced by seasons, environment, feed and mechanical stimulation. Therefore, the estrous cycle of Angora rabbits is a complex physiological phenomenon which is affected by internal and external factors.

　　(1)生理因素:长毛兔的发情周期随着卵巢功能和形态的改变而改变。根据卵巢的形态和功能，可分为卵泡期和黄体期。它们的替代和复发构成了长毛兔发情周期的连续循环。卵泡期卵泡上皮细胞分泌的雌激素促进长毛兔生殖器官的发育和第二性征的出现，使长毛兔的生殖功能活动达到高峰，产生性欲。但兔子在发情时不排卵，排卵必须经过交配刺激作用10 ~ 12小时后才能产生，这种现象称为刺激排卵。雄兔爬过雌兔并不是刺激排卵的条件，发情的母兔被其他雌兔反复爬过，也会引起排卵。在失去受精机会后，卵子会吸收所有的卵子。兔妈妈排卵后形成黄体，黄体期是黄体分泌黄体酮的一个相当稳定的时期，黄体期可以维持血液中一定的水平，抑制卵泡发育。黄体酮促进子宫内膜增生，分泌一种叫做“女儿奶”的营养物质，为受精卵的植入和分裂创造条件。如未受精，黄体通过3 ~ 5天，被正式分泌的前列腺素所溶解，从而黄体酮水平迅速下降，这种变化导致卵泡期开始，随后重新出现发情。

　　(1) Physiological factors: the estrous cycle of Angora rabbits changes with the changes of ovarian function and morphology. According to the shape and function of ovary, it can be divided into follicular stage and luteal stage. Their replacement and recurrence constitute the continuous cycle of oestrus cycle. Estrogen secreted by follicular epithelial cells in follicular phase promotes the development of reproductive organs and the appearance of secondary sexual signs, which leads to the peak of reproductive function and sexual desire. However, rabbits do not ovulate when they are in estrus. Ovulation can only be produced after 10 to 12 hours of mating stimulation. This phenomenon is called stimulating ovulation. It is not the condition to stimulate ovulation that the male rabbit climbs over the female rabbit. If the estrous female rabbit is repeatedly climbed over by other female rabbits, it will also cause ovulation. After losing the chance of fertilization, the egg will absorb all the eggs. Luteal phase is a stable period for luteal secretion of progesterone. Luteal phase can maintain a certain level of blood and inhibit follicular development. Progesterone promotes endometrial hyperplasia and secretes a nutrient called "daughter's milk", which creates conditions for the implantation and division of fertilized eggs. If not fertilized, the corpus luteum is dissolved by prostaglandins which are officially secreted for 3 to 5 days, thus the level of progesterone drops rapidly. This change leads to the beginning of follicular period and subsequent re emergence of oestrus.

　　(2)季节影响:母兔发情活动也随季节和光照时间的变化呈周期性变化。春季，当光照时间由短变长时，雌兔的性活动也逐渐增加。当光照时间由春分前后的短时间增加到12小时时，母兔发情率为全年更高，发情周期短，交配成功率高。这种性活动的高峰，随着光照时间的逐渐增加，延长到夏前后(即夏)。,6月下旬)。光照时间由长逐渐缩短后，雌兔的性活动逐渐减弱，直到冬(12月下旬)，雌兔发情率降全年低潮。其特点是发情周期长，表现不明显，受孕率低。

　　(2) Seasonal effect: the estrus activity of female rabbits also changed periodically with the change of season and light time. In spring, when the time of illumination changed from short to long, the sexual activity of female rabbit also increased gradually. When the light time increased from the short time before and after the vernal equinox to 12 hours, the estrus rate of female rabbit was the highest in the whole year, the estrus cycle was short, and the mating success rate was high. The peak of this kind of sexual activity, with the gradual increase of light time, extends to around the summer solstice (that is, the summer solstice). , late June). The sexual activity of female rabbits decreased gradually after the time of illumination decreased from long to short, until the winter solstice (late December), the oestrus rate of female rabbits decreased to the low tide of the whole year. It is characterized by a long oestrus cycle, not obvious performance, low pregnancy rate.

　　此外:长毛兔品种兔妈妈兔的性活动也受到天气的影响。天气好的时候，母兔热性能明显，性欲旺盛，交配效果好。雨天、刮风、下雪天，雌兔的性欲和交配效果较差。

　　In addition, the sexual activity of mother rabbit, a long haired rabbit, is also affected by the weather. When the weather is good, the female rabbit has obvious thermal performance, strong sexual desire and good mating effect. In rainy, windy and snowy days, the sexual desire and mating effect of female rabbits were poor.

　　(3)饲料因素:饲料成分的质量直接影响母兔的性行为。绿色饲料不足时，特别是维生素严重缺乏时，母兔发情行为少，交配率低于10%。当绿色饲料充足时，长毛兔种兔妈妈兔有规律的发情期。特别是在春季3 - 4月，由于饲料丰富，营养价值高，母兔发情率和受孕率可高达80%以上?

　　(3) Feed factors: the quality of feed ingredients directly affects the sexual behavior of female rabbits. When the green feed is insufficient, especially when the vitamin is seriously deficient, the estrous behavior of female rabbits is less, and the mating rate is less than 10%. When the green feed is enough, the mother rabbit has regular estrus. Especially from March to April in spring, due to the rich feed and high nutritional value, the oestrus rate and conception rate of female rabbits can reach more than 80%?

　　(4)机械刺激:在没有外界刺激的情况下，单独饲养的雌性长毛兔发情不明显。如果让长发兔子繁殖兔子妈妈兔子进行团体运动,给异性或同性进行追逐对方爬的机会,兔妈妈然后显示明显的性行为,并导致性欲增加,使母亲兔子不热时期提前热。发情期的母兔也表现出主动寻找公兔、爬过其他公兔或母兔，对于交配姿势、抓洞等现象，此时交配，可以使母兔的妊娠率和产仔率大大提高:产仔数大大提高。

　　(4) Mechanical stimulation: in the absence of external stimulation, the estrus of female Angora rabbits raised alone was not obvious. If the long hair rabbit is allowed to breed the mother rabbit for group sports, giving the opposite sex or the same sex the chance to chase each other to climb, the mother rabbit then shows obvious sexual behavior, and leads to increased sexual desire, making the mother rabbit not hot in advance. The female rabbits in estrus also show the initiative to look for male rabbits and climb over other male or female rabbits. For the phenomenon of mating posture and hole grabbing, mating at this time can greatly improve the pregnancy rate and litter rate of female rabbits: the number of litter is greatly increased.

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　　The above is a detailed introduction of what external factors affect the oestrus period of Mengyin long hair rabbit. For more information, please click http://www.myxinhua.com