幼长毛兔黄色糖尿病的发生、防治

　　Occurrence, prevention and treatment of yellow diabetes in young rabbits

　　1、发病原因主要是母长毛兔产前饲养管理不当，产后感染导致炎症。是由于仔猪吸食了被金黄色葡萄球菌污染的奶或被污染的垫料、垫料而感染仔猪而引起的。

　　1. The main cause of the disease is improper prenatal care and management of female long haired rabbits, which leads to postpartum infection and inflammation. It is caused by piglets being infected by consuming milk contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus or contaminated bedding or bedding.

　　1.1圈舍环境卫生差

　　1.1 Poor sanitation in the enclosure environment

　　有效的防疫制度尚未制定和实施。长毛兔笼、产仔箱、长毛兔舍长期未，环境卫生较差，导致病菌滋生、繁殖。

　　An effective disinfection and epidemic prevention system has not yet been formulated and implemented. Long haired rabbit cages, litter boxes, and long haired rabbit houses have not been disinfected for a long time, and the environmental hygiene is poor, leading to the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

　　1.2 保持架不标准化

　　1.2 Non standardization of retaining frames

　　笼子不规范、太窄、含有尖锐异物、缺乏运动，很容易损伤乳房，导致母长毛兔患乳腺炎。

　　The cage is not standardized, too narrow, contains sharp foreign objects, and lacks movement, which can easily damage the breasts and cause mastitis in female long haired rabbits.

　　1.3 饲料营养平衡

　　1.3 Nutrient balance of feed

　　营养不均衡，或喂食不足，导致母长毛兔营养不良，产奶量不足，幼犬抢奶损伤乳房，引起葡萄球菌感染。

　　Nutritional imbalance or insufficient feeding can lead to malnutrition in female long haired rabbits, insufficient milk production, and damage to breasts caused by puppy milk grabbing, resulting in Staphylococcus infection.

　　1.4饲养管理不善

　　1.4 Poor feeding and management

　　饲喂湿混合物的农民更有可能让他们的长毛兔子患上黄色糖尿病。这是因为在温暖的气候下，潮湿的混合物是细菌繁殖的良好环境，更有利于金黄色葡萄球菌的繁殖。

　　Farmers who feed the wet mixture are more likely to develop yellow diabetes in their long haired rabbits. This is because in warm climates, a moist mixture is a favorable environment for bacterial growth, which is more conducive to the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus.

　　2.临床症状多发生于出生78天内的家长毛兔。发病初期，母长毛兔乳房肿胀、发热，拒绝哺乳。随后小长毛兔开始出现异常，排出黄色尿液和稀便，粪便粘在肛门和后肢周围，并有鱼腥味。病后2-3天，小长毛兔精神不振，皮毛斑驳。，它出现了脱水、心力衰竭和体重极度减轻的症状。45天后死亡。死长毛兔肠粘膜充血出血，肠内充满粘液，膀胱扩张，内有大量黄色液体。

　　2. Clinical symptoms often occur in parents of rabbits within 78 days of birth. In the early stages of the disease, the mother's long haired rabbit breast swells and heats up, and refuses to breastfeed. Subsequently, the little long haired rabbit began to show abnormalities, excreting yellow urine and loose stool, with feces sticking to the anus and hind limbs, and a fishy smell. 2-3 days after illness, the little long haired rabbit is feeling lethargic and its fur is mottled. Finally, it exhibited symptoms of dehydration, heart failure, and extreme weight loss. Died 4 to 5 days later. The intestinal mucosa of the dead long haired rabbit is congested and bleeding, and the intestine is filled with mucus. The bladder is dilated, and there is a large amount of yellow fluid inside.

　　3、措施：每日观察，对精神和饮食习惯异常的乳母和家长毛兔进行仔细检查。尽早对患病母长毛兔及其后代进行，停止对患病母长毛兔的哺乳，为后代找保姆长毛兔，同时对母长毛兔及其后代进行。

　　3. Treatment measures: Daily observation and careful examination of nursing mothers and parents with abnormal mental and dietary habits. Treat the sick mother long haired rabbit and its offspring as soon as possible, stop breastfeeding the sick mother long haired rabbit, find a nanny for the offspring long haired rabbit, and treat the mother long haired rabbit and its offspring at the same time.

　　母长毛兔的：查找病因，致病因素。用0.1% 高锰酸钾水清洁奶头。发病初期先冷敷，次日改热敷，每次20分钟，每日3次。严重者将青霉素5万单位与普鲁卡因注射液30毫升混合，在患处周围46个点进行皮下封闭注射。对于严重的乳房化脓，需要手术排脓，用0.1%高锰酸钾水清创，撒上粉，用纱布包扎。青霉素钠5万单位加鱼腥草注射液3毫升肌肉注射，每日2次，连用3天。

　　Treatment of female long haired rabbits: identify the cause and eliminate pathogenic factors. Clean the nipple with 0.1% potassium permanganate water. In the early stages of the disease, apply cold compress first, then switch to hot compress the next day, for 20 minutes each time, 3 times a day. For severe cases, 50000 units of penicillin will be mixed with 30ml of procaine injection and subcutaneously sealed at 46 points around the affected area. For severe breast suppuration, surgical drainage is required, followed by debridement with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, sprinkling with anti-inflammatory powder, and bandaging with gauze. Inject 50000 units of penicillin sodium and 3ml of Houttuynia cordata injection into the muscle twice a day for 3 consecutive days.

　　幼长毛兔：全窝饲喂清大微霉素注射液1ml，每日1次，连续3天。严重脱水的病长毛兔每只应喂葡萄糖盐水2ml，每日补充液体3次。一般2-3天就可以恢复。

　　Treatment of young and long haired rabbits: Feed the whole litter with 1ml of Qingda Weimycin Injection once a day for 3 consecutive days. Severely dehydrated diseased long haired rabbits should be fed 2ml of glucose saline solution and supplemented with fluids three times a day. It usually takes 2-3 days to recover.

　　4、预防措施4.1改善圈舍环境卫生，经常清洁长毛兔舍，保持长毛兔舍干燥卫生，保持空气新鲜。定期对长毛兔笼、长毛兔舍及用具进行，产仔窝采用火焰，垫料使用。撒上菌粉，净化饲养环境。

　　4. Preventive measure 4.1 Improve the hygiene of the enclosure environment, regularly clean the long haired rabbit house, keep it dry and hygienic, and keep the air fresh. Regularly disinfect the long haired rabbit cage, long haired rabbit house, and utensils, use flame disinfection for the litter box, and use padding. Sprinkle with bacterial powder, disinfect and purify the feeding environment.

　　4.2加强饲喂管理，尽量饲喂全价颗粒饲料，不饲喂或少饲湿拌饲料，以减少病菌生长。随时检查和修理笼子，减少母长毛兔的创伤和细菌感染。母长毛兔产期和产后期应适当减少精饲料和多汁青饲料的饲喂。产后，喂奶前用温水清洗乳房。如果窝数较多，应将其中一些窝分开喂给其他母长毛兔。对于产仔少、泌乳量多的母长毛兔，在泌乳后的初几天，人工挤出多余的乳汁。

　　4.2 Strengthen feeding management, try to feed full price pellet feed as much as possible, do not feed or feed less wet mixed feed to reduce bacterial growth. Check and repair the cage at any time to reduce trauma and bacterial infections in female long haired rabbits. The feeding of concentrated feed and juicy green feed should be appropriately reduced during the postpartum period of female long haired rabbits. After childbirth, clean the breasts with warm water before breastfeeding. If there are many litters, some of them should be separated and fed to other female long haired rabbits. For female long haired rabbits with low litter size and high milk production, excess milk is artificially squeezed out in the first few days after lactation.

　　4.3定期饲喂中药添加剂益母生化散，提高母长毛兔非特异性免疫力，预防疾病的发生。

　　4.3 Regularly feeding traditional Chinese medicine additive Yimu Biochemical Powder can improve the non-specific immunity of female long haired rabbits and prevent the occurrence of diseases.

　　4.4怀孕母长毛兔临产时，喂10%葡萄糖溶液加维生素C。即每天配制10%葡萄糖溶液100毫升，加维生素C注射液1次（2毫升），喂她5到6天。不仅给母长毛兔补充营养，还起到清热的作用。

　　4.4 When pregnant long haired rabbits are about to give birth, they should be fed with a 10% glucose solution plus vitamin C. That is, 100 milliliters of 10% glucose solution should be prepared daily, and vitamin C injection should be added once (2 milliliters) for 5 to 6 days. Not only does it provide nutrition for female long haired rabbits, but it also has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying.

　　4.5 长毛兔出生后，每只长毛兔喂硫酸庆大霉素1ml，每天1次，连续3天。

　　4.5 After birth, each long haired rabbit is fed 1ml of gentamicin sulfate once a day for three consecutive days.

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