一、兔的剪毛与梳毛

　　1、 The shearing and grooming of rabbits

　　1、适时剪毛

　　1. Timely shearing

　　长毛兔长到1.5~2kg时(60d~90d)应剪次毛，以后每隔3个月剪一次毛。实际上次剪毛之后，即90日龄200日龄时是长毛兔一生生长发育快的时期，加强了这阶段的管理，对终生多产毛非常有利。实践证明，兔毛经3个月长到一定长度就不再继续生长了，相反只会老化和脱落、结毡。为了获得高产的兔毛，适时剪毛是非常重要的。

　　When the long haired rabbit grows to 1.5-2kg (60d-90d), its first coat should be cut, and then every 3 months thereafter. In fact, after the first shearing, from 90 days old to 200 days old, it is the fastest period of growth and development for long haired rabbits. Strengthening the management of this stage is very beneficial for producing high-quality hair throughout their lives. Practice has proven that after three months of growing to a certain length, rabbit hair no longer continues to grow, but instead ages, falls off, and forms felts. Timely shearing is very important for obtaining high-yield and high-quality rabbit hair.

　　2、按时梳毛

　　2. Comb hair on time

　　实践证明，每10d给兔子梳一次毛，对兔的健康和长毛非常有利。通过梳毛，增加了空气对皮肤的渗透性，使兔体感到舒适，还能将自然脱落的兔毛收集起来。每次剪毛之后，会使兔的食欲增加，体质增强。

　　Practice has proven that combing rabbits' fur every 10 days is very beneficial for their health and hair growth. By combing the fur, the air permeability to the skin is increased, making the rabbit feel comfortable and collecting naturally shed rabbit hair. After each shearing, it increases the appetite and physical fitness of rabbits.

　　3、不及时剪毛和梳毛的后果

　　3. The consequences of not cutting and combing hair in a timely manner

　　兔毛就会成块结毡而失去利用价值。更重要的是兔毛结毡后严重束缚兔的躯体，影响机体的正常生理功能，使兔体表空气流通不畅，易患皮肤病，造成兔子精神不振、食欲下降、生长缓慢，由于结毡后不利于兔体散热，夏季极易使兔中暑死亡。在长毛兔的饲养管理中，适时剪毛是关重要的工作。

　　Rabbit fur will become clumped and lose its usefulness. More importantly, after the rabbit hair is felted, it severely restricts the rabbit's body, affecting the normal physiological functions of the body, causing poor air circulation on the rabbit's surface, and making it prone to skin diseases, resulting in the rabbit's lack of energy, decreased appetite, and slow growth. Due to the unfavorable heat dissipation of the rabbit's body after felting, it is extremely easy for the rabbit to suffer from heatstroke and death in summer. Timely shearing is crucial in the breeding and management of long haired rabbits.

　　二、长毛兔需要药浴

　　2、 Long haired rabbits need medicinal baths

　　夏季长毛兔剪毛之后要进行一次药浴。药浴不但可以减少皮肤病，特别是疥癣病的发生(而且可以使兔毛生长加速，产毛量提高，兔毛松散、洁白、光亮、不结毡、质量提高。

　　After shearing in summer, long haired rabbits need to take a medicinal bath. Medicinal baths can not only reduce the occurrence of skin diseases, especially scabies, but also accelerate the growth of rabbit hair, increase hair production, make rabbit hair loose, white, shiny, non felting, and improve quality.

　　1、药液的配制方法:

　　1. Preparation method of medicinal solution:

　　（1）5kg温水，加入20g精制敌百虫片(研末溶于水)，即成0.4%的敌百虫溶液，再加入硫磺粉15克，溶解搅匀后使用。

　　(1) 5kg of warm water, add 20g of refined dichlorvos tablets (ground and dissolved in water) to form a 0.4% dichlorvos solution, then add 15g of sulfur powder, dissolve and stir well before use.

　　（2）中草药可以用土槿皮、苦参各100g，加水2500g，煎后滤出药液，而后再加入硫磺粉100g、温水5kg搅匀后浴用。

　　(2) Chinese herbal medicine can be prepared by adding 100g of hibiscus bark and 100g of Sophora flavescens, 2500g of water, frying and filtering out the solution. Then, 100g of sulfur powder and 5kg of warm water can be added and stirred well before bathing.

　　2、药浴方法

　　2. Medicine bath method

　　无论使用哪种配方药浴，都应在剪毛后7~10d进行一次，药浴前要让兔子吃饱、喝好。药浴时一手抓住兔耳，将兔放入水温约40℃的药液中。头部向上，用手在兔体上揉搓，洗浴全身后再洗头部和耳朵。

　　Regardless of the formula used, the medicinal bath should be taken 7-10 days after shearing, and the rabbit should be fed and drunk before the bath. During the medicinal bath, grab the rabbit's ear with one hand and place the rabbit in a medicinal solution with a water temperature of about 40 ℃. Head up, rub the rabbit's body with your hands, bathe the whole body, and then wash your hair and ears.

　　3、注意事项

　　3. Precautions

　　（1）洗头部时注意不要让兔子呛水，以免引起中毒。

　　(1) When washing hair, be careful not to let the rabbit choke on water to avoid poisoning.

　　（2）洗浴时先洗健康兔，已患皮肤病或疥癣的兔单独药浴，洗浴后要用柔软的毛巾或布将兔体擦干。春秋两季用此方法药浴时应在温暖的环境下进行，以免引起感冒。

　　(2) When bathing, first wash healthy rabbits, and for rabbits with skin diseases or scabies, last take a separate medicinal bath. After bathing, use a soft towel or cloth to dry the rabbit's body. During spring and autumn, this method of medicinal bathing should be carried out in a warm environment to avoid catching a cold.

　　结束语：长毛兔由于其生理的特性，需要剪毛、梳毛、药浴，而对于家兔来说，就不需要这么做了，看起来长毛兔比家兔的管理繁琐，但实际并非如此，各有利弊。

　　Conclusion: Due to their physiological characteristics, long haired rabbits require shearing, combing, and medicinal baths, while for domestic rabbits, this is not necessary. It may seem that the management of long haired rabbits is more complicated than that of domestic rabbits, but in reality, this is not the case, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

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