长毛兔（又称安哥拉兔）是世界的毛用型兔品种，根据品系、产地和毛质特点，主要可分为以下几类：

　　Long haired rabbit (also known as Angora rabbit) is a world-renowned breed of rabbit used for fur. According to the strain, origin, and fur characteristics, it can be mainly divided into the following categories:

　　一、国际主要品种

　　1、 International major varieties

　　德系安哥拉兔

　　German Angora Rabbit

　　特点：体型较大（成年兔体重3.5-4.5公斤），被毛洁白浓密，绒毛含量高达95%以上，毛丛结构明显且不易缠结，年产毛量800-1300克，适合精纺。但耐高温性差，对饲养条件要求较高。

　　Characteristics: Large body size (adult rabbit weight 3.5-4.5 kilograms), white and dense fur, with a fur content of over 95%, obvious and not easily tangled hair tuft structure, annual hair production of 800-1300 grams, suitable for fine spinning. But it has poor high temperature resistance and requires high feeding conditions.

　　外貌：分为“一撮毛”型（耳尖有长毛）和“狮子头”型（额毛、颊毛丰盛）。

　　Appearance: Divided into "tuft of hair" type (with long hair on the tips of the ears) and "lion head" type (with abundant hair on the forehead and cheeks).

　　法系安哥拉兔

　　French Angora Rabbit

　　特点：粗毛含量高（约20%），年产毛量700-1000克，适合粗纺。适应性强，耐粗饲，繁殖性能好。头脸无长毛，耳大且耳尖少量长毛。

　　Features: High coarse wool content (about 20%), annual wool production of 700-1000 grams, suitable for coarse spinning. Strong adaptability, tolerance to coarse feeding, and good reproductive performance. There is no hair on the head and face, and the ears are large with a small amount of hair on the tips.

　　对比：与德系相比，毛质较粗，波浪弯曲不明显。

　　Comparison: Compared with German style, the fur is thicker and the wave bending is not obvious.

　　英系安哥拉兔

　　English Angora Rabbit

　　特点：体型较小（成年体重2.5-3.5公斤），被毛蓬松如丝，年产毛量200-500克，主要用于观赏。耳短厚，耳尖有缨穗状长毛。

　　Characteristics: Small body size (adult weight 2.5-3.5 kilograms), fluffy and silky fur, annual hair production of 200-500 grams, mainly used for ornamental purposes. The ears are short and thick, with tassel like long hair at the tips of the ears.

　　日系安哥拉兔

　　Japanese Angora Rabbit

　　特点：产毛量较低，粗毛少，不易缠结。额毛呈“刘海状”，耳尖有长毛，四肢强壮。

　　Characteristics: Low hair production, less coarse hair, and less prone to tangling. The forehead hair is in the shape of a bangs, the tips of the ears have long hair, and the limbs are strong.

　　二、培育的高产品种

　　2、 High yield varieties cultivated in China

　　浙系长毛兔

　　Zhejiang style long haired rabbit

　　特点：以德系和中系安哥拉兔为育种素材，年产毛量达1900-2200克，毛丛结构明显，适合精纺。分为嵊州“白中王”、镇海巨高等品系。

　　Features: Using German and Chinese Angora rabbits as breeding materials, with an annual wool production of 1900-2200 grams and a distinct tuft structure, suitable for fine spinning. It is divided into the "Baizhong Wang" of Shengzhou and the "Zhenhai Ju" high quality series.

　　皖系长毛兔

　　Anhui long haired rabbit

　　特点：粗毛型品种，粗毛率15%-20%，被毛浓密不缠结，体型中等，适应性强。

　　Characteristics: Coarse haired variety, with a coarse hair rate of 15% -20%, dense and non tangled fur, moderate body size, and strong adaptability.

　　苏系长毛兔

　　Su style long haired rabbit

　　特点：结合德系、法系和新西兰白兔基因，粗毛率约17%，体型较大，被毛洁白。

　　Characteristics: Combining the genes of German, French, and New Zealand white rabbits, the coarse hair rate is about 17%, the body size is large, and the coat is white.

　　蒙阴长毛兔

　　Mengyin Long haired Rabbit

　　特点：山东蒙阴县培育，年产毛量1.5-3.5公斤，部分个体可达3.5公斤，被誉为“长毛兔之乡”。

　　Characteristics: Cultivated in Mengyin County, Shandong Province, with an annual wool production of 1.5-3.5 kilograms, some individuals can reach 3.5 kilograms, and is known as the "hometown of Chinese long haired rabbits".

　　三、其他特色品种

　　3、 Other characteristic varieties

　　巨型安哥拉兔：原产美国，体重8.5-10磅，毛长2-4英寸，需定期修剪。

　　Giant Angora Rabbit: Native to the United States, weighing 8.5-10 pounds, with hair length of 2-4 inches, requiring regular trimming.

　　缎毛安哥拉兔：毛质柔亮如缎，性格活泼，原产加拿大。

　　Satin Angora rabbit: Its fur is soft and shiny like satin, and it has a lively personality. It is originally from Canada.

　　总结

　　summary

　　长毛兔品种多样，国际以德系、法系为主流，通过杂交改良培育出高产本土品种（如浙系、皖系）。选择时需根据产毛需求（精纺或粗纺）、气候适应性及饲养条件综合考虑。

　　There are various breeds of long haired rabbits, with German and French as the mainstream internationally. China has cultivated high-yield local breeds (such as Zhejiang and Anhui breeds) through hybridization and improvement. When choosing, it is necessary to consider the wool production needs (fine spinning or coarse spinning), climate adaptability, and feeding conditions comprehensively.

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